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Goitre
Definition
A goitre is a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland.
Classification
A "diffuse goitre" is a goitre that involves the whole of thyroid
Simple goitre - uniform enlargement
Multinodular goitre - muliple nodules +
Toxic goitre = goitre with hyperthyroidism.
Usually due to Graves disease
Can be caused by inflammation or a multinodular goitre.
Nontoxic goitre - with normal or low thyroid levels
Causes
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Thyroiditis - viral infection
Graves disease
Inborn errors of thyroid hormone synthesis, causing congenital hypothyroidism
Side-effects of pharmacological therapy
Thyroid cancer
Iodine deficiency
Goitre is more common in women
Treatment
Small goitre - may be physiological - may not need any treatment.
If due to hypothyroidism- treated with eltroxin - leads to a substantial reduction in the size of the goitre.
If it causes difficulty with breathing or swallowing - surgery
Radioiodine therapy
Thyroidectomy
Thyroiditis with goitre - antiinflammatory drugs - steroids - anti virals - sterioids - later may need thyroxine supplementary
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Topic - Index - Medical Surgical Nursing -
Topic - Index - Medical Surgical Nursing - Disorders of GIT
