Sterile, non-pyrogenic single dose plastic container

SODIUM CHLORIDE

INJECTION IP

(0.9% W/V)

Each 100 ml contains

Dextrose anhydrous IP 0 .9 gm

Water for injection IP qs

mmol/L : Na+ 150, Cl- 150

Dosage : As directed by the physician.

To be used with non pyrogenic

I.V. administration set with aseptic technique.

For I.V. use only.

Store in a cool, dark place, protected from light.

Manufactured in India by .....

Sterile = free of microorganisms (sterilized)

Non-pyrogenic = Not producing fever (pyrexia)

Plastic container : the bottle is made of soft plastic. It collapses or becomes flattened as the fluid in it goes out. There will be no space as the bottle empties. So there will be no air nor any vacuam. Since there will be no air no danger of air entering the vein; since there is no vacuam there is no necessity for any airway while infusing the fluid.

Most people insert a needle at the top, while infusing fluid which is a wrong practice. At times of emergency we cannot squeeze the bottle and increase the rate of infusion because the holes made at the top by the needle will allow the fluid to leak out and thereby prevent quick infusion.

What is 1 % solution?

1 % solution is one gram solute (substance which is dissolved in the liquid)

100 ml of solvent (the substance which dissolves the solute).

Each 100 ml contains : one bottle contains usually 500 ml; so, all the weights have to be multiplied by five to know the total weight of the substance in one bottle.

Total quantity of Sodium Chloride = 0.9 gm X 5 =4.5 gms

q.s. is an abbreviation of a Latin word - quantum sufficiat - means a sufficient quantity

That is, a sufficient quantity of water is added to make the volume of the solution 100 ml.

The water poured will be a little less than 100 ml. If 100 ml of water is used then the total quantity of the solution will be 100 ml of water + the volume of the salt.

This bottle contains 150 moles each of sodium and chloride ions

sodium positively charged ions = hence the sign +

chloride negatively charged ions = hence the sign -

1 mole = 1 molecular weight of the substance given in grams

millimole = 1/1000 of one mole

The molecular weights of sodium and chloride are 1 ; equal.

This bottle contains 150 millimoles each of Na+ and Cl-

What is the calori requirement for a sedentary (resting) man?

1200 Kilocalories

How many kilocalories does this bottle contain?

What is the salt requirement of a sedentary man?

A minimum of 4 grams

How much salt is there in this bottle?

0.9 grams X 5 = 4.5 grams (0.9 grams per 100 ml; for 500 ml it will have five times the amount and hence multiplied by 5)

What is meant by normal saline?

A salt solution which is having the same concentraion (isomolarity) of salt as the plasma is called normal saline. That is the blood has a concentration of NaCl of 0.9 grams in one liter of blood. Normal saline also has 0.9 grams salt in one liter of water.

What is half normal saline?

Saline containing 0.45 grams of salt per liter is called half normal saline; ie half of 0.9 grams per liter.

Is there any other saline solution?

Yes. There is 3% saline. This is used in cases of Hyponatremia - Low sodium concentraition in plasma. This saline has to be infused very slowly over three hours.

to be continued ........